Bottle temperature
°Ckey btl_temperatureNERC P01 TEMPPR01P06 units UPAAseries btl_temperature
CalCOFI holds 145,986 values of it from 8,384 sampling events in one dataset, 1993–2026, from the surface to 3,510 m. At 10–50 m it has risen 0.21 per decade since 1993.R Temperature sets the water’s density, and so the layering that decides whether deep nutrients reach the sunlit surface; off California the warm years are El Niño years and marine heatwaves.C
- 145,986
- values
- 0
- flagged
- 1993–2026
- years
- 1
- dataset
- 1–3,510 m
- depth
- every month
- months
Measured in
1 dataset
i
One row per series, one cell per year, darker with more values — the same strip the front
door draws per dataset and a species page draws per taxon. Each row is one dataset's own
measurement_type; the label is written once, in the title above.
i
One row per series, one cell per year, darker with more values — the same strip the front door draws per dataset and a species page draws per taxon. Each row is one dataset's own measurement_type; the label is written once, in the title above.
-
series
btl_temperature· source columnbtl_tempno flag at this grain
Explorera depth section vs normaldb-queryERDDAPThis page as JSON R · Python · Parquet
Every way in 8 ways · ERDDAP · Parquet · R · Python · JSON
Read from measurements.json of release v2026.10.21, written at release by calcofi4db::build_measurements_catalog() beside taxa.json. The catalog's index is /measurements/; the JSON-LD on this page is a schema.org/DefinedTerm in the NERC P01 term set with a PropertyValue per series.
ExplorerExplorer · a depth section vs normaldb-querySELECT * FROM read_json('…/v2026.10.21/catalog.json')
-- objects[] WHERE table = 'obs_env'
-- AND partition_value = 'btl_temperature'library(calcofi4r)
con <- cc_get_db() # the promoted release
tbl(con, "obs_env") |> filter(measurement_type %in% c("btl_temperature"))import calcofi4py as cc
con = cc.cc_get_db()
con.sql("SELECT * FROM obs_env WHERE measurement_type IN ('btl_temperature')").df()How it is measured Sea-Bird CTD, pumped dual temperature sensors
The average of two pumped Sea-Bird temperature sensors in 1 m bins; the pumps keep water moving past the sensors regardless of ship roll, and the CTD is lowered at 30 m/min to 100 m then 60 m/min to 515 m to limit wire-angle stress and improve resolution through the thermocline. (calcofi.org CTD FAQ circa 2020)
CTD FAQ circa 2020 on calcofi.org ↗Why it matters 4 ways to say it · EOV Subsurface temperature
the GOOS specification sheet for this Essential Ocean Variable lists it
other ways to say why · 3
- A warm year off California is usually a lean one: warmer, more layered water brings fewer nutrients up, and the plankton the rest of the food web eats decline. needs a citation before it can be the pick
- Wikipedia Marine heatwave source
- Wikipedia Sea surface temperature is the temperature of ocean water close to the surface. The exact meaning of surface varies in the literature and in practice. Sea surface temperature · CC BY-SA 4.0 · rev. 1374459881
The record’s own history 6 depth bands against the 1993–2013 normal
Each year against the normal i
Deeper than the climatology reaches: 90 values at 1000–2000 m, 24 values at 2000+ m have no
normal to depart from, because the release’s climatology stops at its
deepest built bin. Carrying it to the bottom is one argument of
build_climatology() and puts these bands on the page too.
i
Deeper than the climatology reaches: 90 values at 1000–2000 m, 24 values at 2000+ m have no
normal to depart from, because the release’s climatology stops at its
deepest built bin. Carrying it to the bottom is one argument of
build_climatology() and puts these bands on the page too.
Units and range °C · -2 … 40 declared · 0 flagged
°C (degC in metadata/measurement_type.csv) · P06 units UPAA
details
- bounds
- The registry declares
-2 … 40 °Cforbtl_temperature; a value outside it is dropped at the ingest (drop_out_of_bounds()). - observed
- CTD Cast Files
btl_temperature1.52 · median 10.66 · 23.56 °C (5th–95th percentile 6.18–17.59) - flags
- CTD Cast Files
btl_temperaturecarries no quality code at the release grain; qual_ok keeps all 145,986. - baseline
- A monthly climatology exists for this measurement (the release's climatology table: 1993–2013, dataset × station × the cruise's month × 10 m bin), so the Explorer can draw anomalies against it rather than values.
The familiar scale i
Bars are each series' 5th–95th percentile, the line its minimum to maximum, the ring its median;
the marks are metadata/measurement_scale.csv's, each hovering to its own source.
i
Bars are each series' 5th–95th percentile, the line its minimum to maximum, the ring its median;
the marks are metadata/measurement_scale.csv's, each hovering to its own source.
By depth · by month 1–3,510 m · every month
By depth i
Values per depth band at the release grain, one thin bar per series. The bands are the
record's own (0-10 … 2000+ m).
i
Values per depth band at the release grain, one thin bar per series. The bands are the record's own (0-10 … 2000+ m).
By month i
Values per calendar month, one row per series: CalCOFI's quarterly cruises show as peaks in
the months the ships sail.
i
Values per calendar month, one row per series: CalCOFI's quarterly cruises show as peaks in the months the ships sail.
Cite the release, v2026.10.21
Cite the release; each dataset's own citation, licence and DOI are on its page — CTD Cast Files. The Explorer's Share → Cite writes it for the view you make.