Spiciness
Spice (spiciness at 0 dbar, TEOS-10); positive spicy (warm, salty), negative minty
kg/m³key spiciness0P06 units UKMCseries spiciness0 · spiciness0
CalCOFI holds 1,523,861 values of it from 44,324 sampling events in 2 datasets, 1949–2026, from the surface to 5,351 m. At 200–500 m it has risen 0.02 per decade since 1984.R Two waters can have the same density and still be different waters: spice says whether a parcel is warm and salty or cool and fresh, and off Southern California the water on a density surface comes from two sources, cool and fresh from the north and warm and salty from the south, so a change in their mix shows up as a change in spice.C
- 1,523,861
- values
- 0
- flagged
- 1949–2026
- years
- 2
- datasets
- 0–5,351 m
- depth
- every month
- months
Measured in
2 datasets
i
One row per series, one cell per year, darker with more values — the same strip the front
door draws per dataset and a species page draws per taxon. Each row is one dataset's own
measurement_type; the label is written once, in the title above.
i
One row per series, one cell per year, darker with more values — the same strip the front door draws per dataset and a species page draws per taxon. Each row is one dataset's own measurement_type; the label is written once, in the title above.
-
series
spiciness0· source columntemperature_ave; salinity_ave_corr; pressureno flag at this grain no P01 concept -
series
spiciness0· source columntemperature_ave; salinity_ave_corr; pressureno flag at this grain no P01 concept
Explorera depth section vs normaldb-queryThis page as JSON R · Python · Parquet
Every way in 7 ways · Parquet · R · Python · JSON
Read from measurements.json of release v2026.10.21, written at release by calcofi4db::build_measurements_catalog() beside taxa.json. The catalog's index is /measurements/; the JSON-LD on this page is a schema.org/DefinedTerm in the NERC P01 term set with a PropertyValue per series.
ExplorerExplorer · a depth section vs normaldb-querySELECT * FROM read_json('…/v2026.10.21/catalog.json')
-- objects[] WHERE table = 'obs_env'
-- AND partition_value = 'spiciness0'
-- | 'spiciness0'library(calcofi4r)
con <- cc_get_db() # the promoted release
tbl(con, "obs_env") |> filter(measurement_type %in% c("spiciness0", "spiciness0"))import calcofi4py as cc
con = cc.cc_get_db()
con.sql("SELECT * FROM obs_env WHERE measurement_type IN ('spiciness0', 'spiciness0')").df()How it is measured Computed from the bottle's own temperature and salinity (TEOS-10) · 2 methods
Spiciness at 0 dbar by TEOS-10 (McDougall & Krzysik 2015), from each bottle's own temperature and salinity at the sea pressure of its depth: absolute salinity from practical salinity, conservative temperature from in-situ temperature, then the spiciness function. A bottle whose temperature or salinity the provider flags 8 or 9 has none. (the record's own derivation (measurement_type.csv; calcofi4db::bottle_spice_sigma0()))
- gsw_p_from_z
- gsw_SA_from_SP
- gsw_CT_from_t
- gsw_spiciness0
Spiciness at 0 dbar by TEOS-10 (McDougall & Krzysik 2015), on the sensor-pair averaged corrected temperature and salinity: absolute salinity from practical salinity, conservative temperature from in-situ temperature, then the spiciness function. Published for final and preliminary_with_bottle casts only. (the record's own derivation (measurement_type.csv))
- gsw_SA_from_SP
- gsw_CT_from_t
- gsw_spiciness0
Why it matters 4 ways to say it
other ways to say why · 3
- Spice is computed from the sensor-pair averaged temperature and salinity (TEOS-10, McDougall & Krzysik 2015), so it carries whatever those two series carry; it is published for final and preliminary_with_bottle casts only. needs a citation before it can be the pick
- Wikipedia Spiciness source
- Wikipedia Pungency, commonly referred to as spiciness, hotness or heat, is a sensation that contributes to the flavor of certain foods such as chili peppers. Highly pungent foods may be experienced as unpleasant. Pungency · CC BY-SA 4.0 · rev. 1374763599
The record’s own history 7 depth bands against the 1993–2013 normal
Each year against the normal i
Deeper than the climatology reaches: 7,199 values at 2000+ m have no
normal to depart from, because the release’s climatology stops at its
deepest built bin. Carrying it to the bottom is one argument of
build_climatology() and puts these bands on the page too.
i
Deeper than the climatology reaches: 7,199 values at 2000+ m have no
normal to depart from, because the release’s climatology stops at its
deepest built bin. Carrying it to the bottom is one argument of
build_climatology() and puts these bands on the page too.
Units and range kg/m³ · -25 … 18 declared · 0 flagged
kg/m³ (kg/m3 in metadata/measurement_type.csv) · P06 units UKMC
details
- bounds
- The registry declares
-25 … 18 kg/m³forspiciness0; a value outside it is dropped at the ingest (drop_out_of_bounds()). - observed
- Bottle Derived Products
spiciness0-2.894 · median 0.3976 · 7.266 kg/m³ (5th–95th percentile -0.04072–2.092)
CTD Derived Productsspiciness0-13.03 · median 0.2927 · 4.557 kg/m³ (5th–95th percentile -0.01311–1.432) - flags
- Bottle Derived Products
spiciness0carries no quality code at the release grain; qual_ok keeps all 841,673.
CTD Derived Productsspiciness0carries no quality code at the release grain; qual_ok keeps all 682,188. - baseline
- A monthly climatology exists for this measurement (the release's climatology table: 1993–2013, dataset × station × the cruise's month × 10 m bin), so the Explorer can draw anomalies against it rather than values.
- derivation
- calcofi4db::ctd_spice(): gsw_SA_from_SP, gsw_CT_from_t, gsw_spiciness0 (McDougall & Krzysik 2015). calcofi_ctd-derived: on the sensor-pair averaged corrected temperature and salinity of each 1 m bin, final and preliminary_with_bottle casts only. calcofi_bottle-derived: calcofi4db::bottle_spice_sigma0() on each bottle's own temperature and salinity at gsw_p_from_z(-depth, latitude); a bottle with T_qual or S_qual 8/9 has none
The familiar scale i
Bars are each series' 5th–95th percentile, the line its minimum to maximum, the ring its median;
the marks are metadata/measurement_scale.csv's, each hovering to its own source.
i
Bars are each series' 5th–95th percentile, the line its minimum to maximum, the ring its median;
the marks are metadata/measurement_scale.csv's, each hovering to its own source.
By depth · by month 0–5,351 m · every month
By depth i
Values per depth band at the release grain, one thin bar per series. The bands are the
record's own (0-10 … 2000+ m).
i
Values per depth band at the release grain, one thin bar per series. The bands are the record's own (0-10 … 2000+ m).
By month i
Values per calendar month, one row per series: CalCOFI's quarterly cruises show as peaks in
the months the ships sail.
i
Values per calendar month, one row per series: CalCOFI's quarterly cruises show as peaks in the months the ships sail.
Cite the release, v2026.10.21
Cite the release; each dataset's own citation, licence and DOI are on its page — Bottle Derived Products, CTD Derived Products. The Explorer's Share → Cite writes it for the view you make.