{ "key": "spiciness0", "slug": "spiciness0", "label": "Spice (spiciness at 0 dbar, TEOS-10); positive spicy (warm, salty), negative minty", "short_label": "Spiciness", "description": "Spice (spiciness at 0 dbar, TEOS-10); positive spicy (warm, salty), negative minty", "units": "kg/m3", "units_nerc_p06": "http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P06/current/UKMC/", "nerc_p01": null, "category": { "key": null, "name": "Physical Oceanography", "icon": "cat-physical", "realm": "env", "order": 1 }, "is_unified": false, "derivation": "calcofi4db::ctd_spice(): gsw_SA_from_SP, gsw_CT_from_t, gsw_spiciness0 (McDougall & Krzysik 2015). calcofi_ctd-derived: on the sensor-pair averaged corrected temperature and salinity of each 1 m bin, final and preliminary_with_bottle casts only. calcofi_bottle-derived: calcofi4db::bottle_spice_sigma0() on each bottle's own temperature and salinity at gsw_p_from_z(-depth, latitude); a bottle with T_qual or S_qual 8/9 has none", "climatology": true, "bounds": { "valid_min": -25, "valid_max": 18, "declared_by": [ "spiciness0" ] }, "totals": { "n_values": 1523861, "n_samples": 851207, "n_roots": 44324, "n_datasets": 2, "year_min": 1949, "year_max": 2026, "depth_min_m": 0, "depth_max_m": 5351, "qual_ok_n": 1523861, "n_flagged": 0 }, "series": [ { "measurement_type": "spiciness0", "dataset_key": "calcofi_bottle-derived", "source_column": "temperature_ave; salinity_ave_corr; pressure", "qual_column": null, "description": "Spice (spiciness at 0 dbar, TEOS-10); positive spicy (warm, salty), negative minty", "units": "kg/m3", "nerc_p01": null, "is_canonical": true, "n_values": 841673, "n_samples": 841673, "n_roots": 34790, "n_cells": 222, "n_cruises": 649, "year_min": 1949, "year_max": 2021, "depth_min_m": 0, "depth_max_m": 5351, "years": { "1949": 26691, "1950": 36802, "1951": 11388, "1952": 28166, "1953": 28712, "1954": 18275, "1955": 22411, "1956": 13735, "1957": 18531, "1958": 23938, "1959": 33689, "1960": 26566, "1961": 13797, "1962": 13659, "1963": 12255, "1964": 11221, "1965": 9051, "1966": 11778, "1967": 4110, "1968": 5694, "1969": 23714, "1970": 867, "1971": 795, "1972": 29755, "1973": 1161, "1974": 8588, "1975": 24105, "1976": 4421, "1977": 1742, "1978": 24665, "1980": 1224, "1981": 8004, "1982": 698, "1983": 4130, "1984": 30475, "1985": 7353, "1986": 9039, "1987": 15699, "1988": 14867, "1989": 9380, "1990": 7694, "1991": 7998, "1992": 8398, "1993": 8049, "1994": 7783, "1995": 7721, "1996": 8617, "1997": 8379, "1998": 12170, "1999": 7799, "2000": 7779, "2001": 7814, "2002": 7781, "2003": 8592, "2004": 7758, "2005": 7933, "2006": 8104, "2007": 8187, "2008": 8242, "2009": 8522, "2010": 7946, "2011": 8567, "2012": 7370, "2013": 8285, "2014": 6636, "2015": 7881, "2016": 8936, "2017": 8392, "2018": 7571, "2019": 6189, "2020": 5881, "2021": 1548 }, "months": [ 107386, 73486, 49658, 124924, 58491, 47729, 110828, 58165, 38240, 87138, 61534, 24094 ], "depth_bands": { "0-10": 56250, "10-50": 161509, "50-100": 139766, "100-200": 167195, "200-500": 211470, "500-1000": 83928, "1000-2000": 17593, "2000+": 3962 }, "qual": { "none": 841673 }, "qual_ok_n": 841673, "n_flagged": 0, "observed": { "min": -2.89367286619292, "p05": -0.0407165954966962, "p50": 0.397609080950659, "p95": 2.09215687416765, "max": 7.26596814971728 }, "out_of_bounds": { "n": 0, "min": null, "max": null }, "flags": [ "no_flag_at_grain", "no_p01" ] }, { "measurement_type": "spiciness0", "dataset_key": "calcofi_ctd-derived", "source_column": "temperature_ave; salinity_ave_corr; pressure", "qual_column": null, "description": "Spice (spiciness at 0 dbar, TEOS-10); positive spicy (warm, salty), negative minty", "units": "kg/m3", "nerc_p01": null, "is_canonical": true, "n_values": 682188, "n_samples": 9534, "n_roots": 9534, "n_cells": 113, "n_cruises": 138, "year_min": 1993, "year_max": 2026, "depth_min_m": 1, "depth_max_m": 3630, "years": { "1993": 10810, "1994": 21983, "1995": 20609, "1996": 23081, "1997": 21826, "1998": 32353, "1999": 20617, "2000": 19723, "2001": 19476, "2002": 19710, "2003": 24257, "2004": 24832, "2005": 20572, "2006": 22492, "2007": 21605, "2008": 21265, "2009": 23763, "2010": 22484, "2011": 23349, "2012": 18926, "2013": 22093, "2014": 17537, "2015": 20791, "2016": 23887, "2017": 21365, "2018": 18652, "2019": 15177, "2020": 16306, "2021": 17352, "2022": 15531, "2023": 21964, "2024": 17860, "2025": 15172, "2026": 4768 }, "months": [ 122173, 43680, 26583, 136854, 7286, 8413, 114715, 52919, 9801, 71963, 86020, 1781 ], "depth_bands": { "0-10": 16992, "10-50": 88860, "50-100": 108158, "100-200": 142351, "200-500": 281287, "500-1000": 38020, "1000-2000": 3283, "2000+": 3237 }, "qual": { "none": 682188 }, "qual_ok_n": 682188, "n_flagged": 0, "observed": { "min": -13.0302736565363, "p05": -0.0131083876609899, "p50": 0.292655992849751, "p95": 1.43205246826178, "max": 4.55667543273068 }, "out_of_bounds": { "n": 0, "min": null, "max": null }, "flags": [ "no_flag_at_grain", "no_p01" ] } ], "related": [], "flags": [ "no_label" ], "face": { "kind": "scale", "face_of": null, "stands_in_note": null, "source": "no NERC P01 on this key; shows its own familiar-scale figure only (D3)" }, "method": [ { "dataset_key": "calcofi_bottle-derived", "measurement_type": "spiciness0", "platform": "bottle", "instrument": "Computed from the bottle's own temperature and salinity (TEOS-10)", "nerc_l22": null, "principle": "Spiciness at 0 dbar by TEOS-10 (McDougall & Krzysik 2015), from each bottle's own temperature and salinity at the sea pressure of its depth: absolute salinity from practical salinity, conservative temperature from in-situ temperature, then the spiciness function. A bottle whose temperature or salinity the provider flags 8 or 9 has none.", "steps": [ "gsw_p_from_z", "gsw_SA_from_SP", "gsw_CT_from_t", "gsw_spiciness0" ], "wavelength_nm": null, "precision": null, "bibkeys": [ "mcdougall2015" ], "calcofi_org_url": null, "text_fragment": null, "source": "the record's own derivation (measurement_type.csv; calcofi4db::bottle_spice_sigma0())", "source_url": null }, { "dataset_key": "calcofi_ctd-derived", "measurement_type": "spiciness0", "platform": "ctd", "instrument": "Computed from the cast's temperature and salinity (TEOS-10)", "nerc_l22": null, "principle": "Spiciness at 0 dbar by TEOS-10 (McDougall & Krzysik 2015), on the sensor-pair averaged corrected temperature and salinity: absolute salinity from practical salinity, conservative temperature from in-situ temperature, then the spiciness function. Published for final and preliminary_with_bottle casts only.", "steps": [ "gsw_SA_from_SP", "gsw_CT_from_t", "gsw_spiciness0" ], "wavelength_nm": null, "precision": null, "bibkeys": [ "mcdougall2015" ], "calcofi_org_url": null, "text_fragment": null, "source": "the record's own derivation (measurement_type.csv)", "source_url": null } ], "why": [ { "rank": 1, "kind": "authored", "text": "Two waters can have the same density and still be different waters: spice says whether a parcel is warm and salty or cool and fresh, and off Southern California the water on a density surface comes from two sources, cool and fresh from the north and warm and salty from the south, so a change in their mix shows up as a change in spice.", "bibkeys": [ "bograd2015" ], "source_url": null, "eov": null, "goos_doc": null }, { "rank": 2, "kind": "authored", "text": "Spice is computed from the sensor-pair averaged temperature and salinity (TEOS-10, McDougall & Krzysik 2015), so it carries whatever those two series carry; it is published for final and preliminary_with_bottle casts only.", "bibkeys": [], "source_url": null, "eov": null, "goos_doc": null }, { "rank": 3, "kind": "wikipedia", "text": "Spiciness", "bibkeys": [], "source_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spiciness", "eov": null, "goos_doc": null } ], "anomaly": { "baseline": [ 1993, 2013 ], "ymax": 0.514, "spark_band": "200-500", "min_cruises": 2, "bands": [ { "band": "0-10", "n_values": 40251, "n_years": 71, "series": [ [ 1950, -0.1345, 7, 176 ], [ 1951, -0.1566, 5, 82 ], [ 1952, -0.2519, 9, 171 ], [ 1953, -0.2097, 16, 287 ], [ 1954, -0.048, 8, 100 ], [ 1955, -0.1672, 5, 109 ], [ 1956, -0.302, 2, 62 ], [ 1957, 0.08, 6, 127 ], [ 1958, 0.2494, 11, 226 ], [ 1959, 0.3386, 10, 505 ], [ 1960, 0.0495, 10, 311 ], [ 1961, 0.0326, 8, 206 ], [ 1962, -0.0108, 5, 145 ], [ 1963, 0.2284, 7, 165 ], [ 1964, 0.0316, 5, 164 ], [ 1965, -0.1737, 5, 165 ], [ 1966, 0.0985, 5, 166 ], [ 1968, 0.1187, 1, 70 ], [ 1969, -0.1876, 8, 385 ], [ 1970, -0.3254, 1, 4 ], [ 1971, -0.4555, 1, 8 ], [ 1972, -0.0945, 7, 174 ], [ 1973, 0.0194, 1, 1 ], [ 1975, -0.1598, 4, 171 ], [ 1976, 0.1861, 3, 22 ], [ 1978, -0.1323, 5, 331 ], [ 1981, 0.2377, 5, 102 ], [ 1983, 0.4355, 8, 79 ], [ 1984, 0.1832, 9, 574 ], [ 1985, 0.0993, 3, 267 ], [ 1986, -0.0331, 2, 239 ], [ 1987, 0.0968, 1, 115 ], [ 1988, 0.0239, 3, 368 ], [ 1989, 0.1052, 5, 530 ], [ 1990, 0.3195, 3, 370 ], [ 1991, -0.0627, 3, 374 ], [ 1992, 0.14, 4, 583 ], [ 1993, 0.0201, 4, 793 ], [ 1994, 0.1624, 3, 732 ], [ 1995, 0.0107, 4, 1099 ], [ 1996, 0.1273, 4, 1461 ], [ 1997, 0.057, 3, 862 ], [ 1998, 0.1132, 6, 1079 ], [ 1999, -0.0352, 4, 1062 ], [ 2000, 0.13, 4, 1028 ], [ 2001, 0.0468, 4, 1049 ], [ 2002, -0.0902, 4, 1059 ], [ 2003, -0.0478, 5, 1103 ], [ 2004, -0.0449, 5, 1150 ], [ 2005, -0.0865, 4, 1238 ], [ 2006, -0.014, 4, 1225 ], [ 2007, -0.0555, 4, 1205 ], [ 2008, -0.0863, 4, 1149 ], [ 2009, 0.0115, 4, 958 ], [ 2010, -0.0419, 4, 1106 ], [ 2011, -0.0995, 4, 1125 ], [ 2012, -0.0888, 3, 877 ], [ 2013, 0.0534, 4, 1237 ], [ 2014, 0.3093, 4, 1093 ], [ 2015, 0.505, 4, 1233 ], [ 2016, 0.3043, 4, 1271 ], [ 2017, 0.1905, 4, 1181 ], [ 2018, 0.294, 3, 790 ], [ 2019, 0.2293, 4, 1040 ], [ 2020, 0.2731, 3, 912 ], [ 2021, 0.0985, 3, 620 ], [ 2022, 0.1274, 3, 356 ], [ 2023, -0.1765, 4, 520 ], [ 2024, -0.0382, 4, 343 ], [ 2025, -0.0602, 3, 230 ], [ 2026, 0.091, 1, 131 ] ], "trend": { "per_decade": 0.0309, "intercept": -6.103, "from": 1984, "to": 2021, "n_years": 37 }, "ext": { "hi": [ 2015, 0.505 ], "lo": [ 1956, -0.302 ] } }, { "band": "10-50", "n_values": 145261, "n_years": 71, "series": [ [ 1950, -0.1352, 7, 580 ], [ 1951, -0.1375, 10, 314 ], [ 1952, -0.2074, 9, 660 ], [ 1953, -0.2286, 16, 952 ], [ 1954, -0.0529, 8, 488 ], [ 1955, -0.1597, 7, 520 ], [ 1956, -0.2857, 2, 232 ], [ 1957, 0.06, 6, 468 ], [ 1958, 0.2949, 11, 825 ], [ 1959, 0.3384, 10, 1387 ], [ 1960, 0.075, 10, 864 ], [ 1961, 0.0185, 8, 560 ], [ 1962, -0.0078, 5, 436 ], [ 1963, 0.1603, 7, 469 ], [ 1964, 0.0257, 5, 442 ], [ 1965, -0.0875, 5, 530 ], [ 1966, 0.0962, 5, 448 ], [ 1968, 0.0633, 1, 222 ], [ 1969, -0.1571, 8, 1109 ], [ 1970, -0.2934, 1, 14 ], [ 1971, -0.4446, 1, 24 ], [ 1972, -0.0909, 7, 505 ], [ 1973, 0.032, 1, 4 ], [ 1975, -0.093, 4, 628 ], [ 1976, 0.1201, 3, 69 ], [ 1978, -0.1079, 5, 1001 ], [ 1981, 0.2239, 5, 407 ], [ 1983, 0.514, 8, 247 ], [ 1984, 0.2238, 9, 1941 ], [ 1985, 0.1095, 3, 1091 ], [ 1986, 0.0363, 2, 822 ], [ 1987, 0.1819, 1, 433 ], [ 1988, -0.0154, 3, 1370 ], [ 1989, 0.0096, 5, 1940 ], [ 1990, 0.2615, 3, 1323 ], [ 1991, -0.061, 3, 1320 ], [ 1992, 0.0957, 4, 1794 ], [ 1993, 0.0683, 4, 3098 ], [ 1994, 0.1172, 3, 3135 ], [ 1995, 0.0511, 4, 3955 ], [ 1996, 0.1072, 4, 4899 ], [ 1997, 0.0529, 3, 3069 ], [ 1998, 0.2068, 6, 3808 ], [ 1999, -0.0144, 4, 4164 ], [ 2000, 0.1027, 4, 4160 ], [ 2001, 0.0893, 4, 3959 ], [ 2002, -0.0809, 4, 4101 ], [ 2003, -0.1426, 5, 4360 ], [ 2004, -0.0788, 5, 4163 ], [ 2005, -0.0721, 4, 4224 ], [ 2006, -0.0389, 4, 4444 ], [ 2007, 0.021, 4, 4004 ], [ 2008, -0.1153, 4, 4237 ], [ 2009, -0.0289, 4, 3275 ], [ 2010, -0.0639, 4, 3965 ], [ 2011, -0.1146, 4, 4273 ], [ 2012, -0.0651, 3, 3140 ], [ 2013, 0.0325, 4, 4052 ], [ 2014, 0.2602, 4, 3587 ], [ 2015, 0.4176, 4, 4046 ], [ 2016, 0.2269, 4, 4384 ], [ 2017, 0.1673, 4, 4174 ], [ 2018, 0.282, 3, 2569 ], [ 2019, 0.243, 4, 3360 ], [ 2020, 0.1543, 3, 3300 ], [ 2021, 0.0704, 3, 2245 ], [ 2022, 0.0787, 3, 1965 ], [ 2023, -0.1501, 4, 2562 ], [ 2024, -0.0263, 4, 2139 ], [ 2025, -0.1062, 3, 1302 ], [ 2026, 0.256, 1, 704 ] ], "trend": { "per_decade": 0.0178, "intercept": -3.4935, "from": 1984, "to": 2021, "n_years": 37 }, "ext": { "hi": [ 1983, 0.514 ], "lo": [ 1956, -0.2857 ] } }, { "band": "50-100", "n_values": 154037, "n_years": 71, "series": [ [ 1950, -0.1261, 7, 443 ], [ 1951, -0.1455, 5, 167 ], [ 1952, -0.1857, 9, 513 ], [ 1953, -0.2174, 16, 719 ], [ 1954, -0.1728, 8, 520 ], [ 1955, -0.106, 7, 485 ], [ 1956, -0.2517, 2, 285 ], [ 1957, -0.0274, 6, 563 ], [ 1958, 0.2463, 11, 899 ], [ 1959, 0.2008, 10, 1252 ], [ 1960, 0.0508, 11, 881 ], [ 1961, 0.0214, 8, 571 ], [ 1962, 0.0371, 5, 427 ], [ 1963, 0.069, 7, 460 ], [ 1964, 0.0437, 5, 504 ], [ 1965, 0.006, 5, 509 ], [ 1966, -0.0088, 5, 486 ], [ 1968, -0.123, 1, 165 ], [ 1969, -0.106, 8, 703 ], [ 1970, -0.2615, 1, 10 ], [ 1971, -0.2702, 1, 23 ], [ 1972, -0.0891, 7, 399 ], [ 1973, 0.0464, 1, 3 ], [ 1975, -0.0223, 4, 361 ], [ 1976, -0.0331, 3, 43 ], [ 1978, -0.015, 5, 820 ], [ 1981, 0.1376, 5, 199 ], [ 1983, 0.432, 8, 194 ], [ 1984, 0.1295, 9, 1793 ], [ 1985, 0.0481, 3, 857 ], [ 1986, 0.115, 2, 639 ], [ 1987, 0.2974, 1, 361 ], [ 1988, -0.0026, 3, 1170 ], [ 1989, -0.0278, 5, 1635 ], [ 1990, 0.1219, 3, 1082 ], [ 1991, -0.0573, 3, 1115 ], [ 1992, 0.0462, 4, 1589 ], [ 1993, 0.0846, 4, 3204 ], [ 1994, 0.1407, 3, 3630 ], [ 1995, 0.1741, 4, 4694 ], [ 1996, 0.1249, 4, 5495 ], [ 1997, -0.0111, 3, 3590 ], [ 1998, 0.3749, 6, 4567 ], [ 1999, 0.0068, 4, 4577 ], [ 2000, 0.0425, 4, 4637 ], [ 2001, 0.0171, 4, 4679 ], [ 2002, -0.1028, 4, 4636 ], [ 2003, -0.1834, 5, 4938 ], [ 2004, -0.1592, 5, 4795 ], [ 2005, -0.0269, 4, 4849 ], [ 2006, -0.0362, 4, 4618 ], [ 2007, 0.0554, 4, 4297 ], [ 2008, -0.1546, 4, 4481 ], [ 2009, -0.1097, 4, 3328 ], [ 2010, -0.0445, 4, 4259 ], [ 2011, -0.1267, 4, 4392 ], [ 2012, -0.1177, 3, 3200 ], [ 2013, -0.0156, 4, 4416 ], [ 2014, 0.0238, 4, 3937 ], [ 2015, 0.1318, 4, 4529 ], [ 2016, 0.1801, 4, 4603 ], [ 2017, 0.1033, 4, 4481 ], [ 2018, 0.1536, 3, 2800 ], [ 2019, 0.2195, 4, 3464 ], [ 2020, -0.0023, 3, 3195 ], [ 2021, -0.0591, 3, 2558 ], [ 2022, -0.0126, 3, 2129 ], [ 2023, -0.024, 4, 3201 ], [ 2024, 0.0374, 4, 2546 ], [ 2025, -0.1498, 3, 1705 ], [ 2026, 0.1116, 1, 762 ] ], "trend": { "per_decade": -0.0143, "intercept": 2.8891, "from": 1984, "to": 2021, "n_years": 37 }, "ext": { "hi": [ 1983, 0.432 ], "lo": [ 1956, -0.2517 ] } }, { "band": "100-200", "n_values": 187094, "n_years": 71, "series": [ [ 1950, -0.0701, 7, 526 ], [ 1951, -0.0825, 5, 239 ], [ 1952, -0.1516, 9, 638 ], [ 1953, -0.1005, 16, 783 ], [ 1954, -0.1064, 8, 399 ], [ 1955, -0.1229, 7, 415 ], [ 1956, -0.1175, 2, 279 ], [ 1957, -0.1023, 6, 600 ], [ 1958, -0.0101, 11, 950 ], [ 1959, 0.0027, 10, 1385 ], [ 1960, -0.0378, 11, 1050 ], [ 1961, -0.0168, 8, 683 ], [ 1962, 0.0234, 5, 446 ], [ 1963, 0.042, 7, 569 ], [ 1964, 0.0218, 5, 608 ], [ 1965, 0.0239, 5, 599 ], [ 1966, -0.0106, 5, 589 ], [ 1968, -0.0543, 1, 215 ], [ 1969, -0.0757, 8, 999 ], [ 1970, -0.1425, 1, 15 ], [ 1971, -0.1153, 1, 23 ], [ 1972, -0.0541, 7, 510 ], [ 1973, -0.065, 1, 4 ], [ 1975, -0.0182, 4, 542 ], [ 1976, -0.0824, 2, 43 ], [ 1978, -0.0403, 5, 948 ], [ 1981, 0.0321, 5, 334 ], [ 1983, 0.1398, 8, 225 ], [ 1984, 0.0476, 9, 1920 ], [ 1985, 0.0433, 3, 723 ], [ 1986, 0.0581, 2, 530 ], [ 1987, 0.1144, 1, 282 ], [ 1988, 0.0425, 3, 1022 ], [ 1989, -0.0129, 5, 1439 ], [ 1990, 0.0075, 3, 939 ], [ 1991, -0.0401, 3, 971 ], [ 1992, -0.0742, 4, 1377 ], [ 1993, -0.0491, 4, 3769 ], [ 1994, 0.0342, 3, 4780 ], [ 1995, 0.1276, 4, 6572 ], [ 1996, 0.0698, 4, 6473 ], [ 1997, -0.0346, 3, 4601 ], [ 1998, 0.1875, 6, 6509 ], [ 1999, 0.0772, 4, 5934 ], [ 2000, 0.0181, 4, 5876 ], [ 2001, -0.0196, 4, 5763 ], [ 2002, -0.0685, 4, 5801 ], [ 2003, -0.0979, 5, 6002 ], [ 2004, -0.0735, 5, 6008 ], [ 2005, -0.0268, 4, 5966 ], [ 2006, -0.0173, 4, 5861 ], [ 2007, 0.0531, 4, 5589 ], [ 2008, -0.0319, 4, 5645 ], [ 2009, -0.0464, 4, 4087 ], [ 2010, -0.0597, 4, 5204 ], [ 2011, -0.0649, 4, 5177 ], [ 2012, -0.0612, 3, 3744 ], [ 2013, -0.0451, 4, 5140 ], [ 2014, -0.0958, 4, 4607 ], [ 2015, -0.0967, 4, 5212 ], [ 2016, -0.0093, 4, 5715 ], [ 2017, -0.004, 4, 5318 ], [ 2018, 0.0342, 3, 3380 ], [ 2019, 0.0923, 4, 4049 ], [ 2020, 0.0374, 3, 3918 ], [ 2021, 0.0239, 3, 3085 ], [ 2022, 0.0054, 3, 2924 ], [ 2023, 0.0161, 4, 4092 ], [ 2024, 0.0303, 4, 3275 ], [ 2025, -0.0276, 3, 2247 ], [ 2026, 0.0325, 1, 952 ] ], "trend": { "per_decade": -0.0137, "intercept": 2.7432, "from": 1984, "to": 2021, "n_years": 37 }, "ext": { "hi": [ 1998, 0.1875 ], "lo": [ 1952, -0.1516 ] } }, { "band": "200-500", "n_values": 312812, "n_years": 71, "series": [ [ 1950, -0.0572, 7, 615 ], [ 1951, -0.0412, 5, 280 ], [ 1952, -0.0403, 9, 614 ], [ 1953, -0.0045, 16, 802 ], [ 1954, -0.0149, 8, 379 ], [ 1955, -0.0384, 7, 384 ], [ 1956, -0.0467, 2, 236 ], [ 1957, -0.0182, 6, 507 ], [ 1958, 0.0237, 11, 820 ], [ 1959, -0.0216, 10, 1452 ], [ 1960, -0.0395, 11, 1037 ], [ 1961, -0.0185, 8, 615 ], [ 1962, -0.0073, 5, 434 ], [ 1963, 0.0114, 7, 524 ], [ 1964, 0.0141, 5, 570 ], [ 1965, -0.0031, 5, 559 ], [ 1966, -0.0025, 5, 552 ], [ 1968, -0.0259, 1, 247 ], [ 1969, -0.0399, 8, 1301 ], [ 1970, -0.0702, 1, 20 ], [ 1971, -0.1538, 1, 31 ], [ 1972, -0.0283, 7, 569 ], [ 1973, -0.0823, 1, 5 ], [ 1975, -0.0627, 4, 671 ], [ 1976, -0.1277, 2, 60 ], [ 1978, 0.0034, 5, 1031 ], [ 1981, -0.0096, 5, 379 ], [ 1983, -0.0024, 8, 226 ], [ 1984, -0.0469, 9, 1777 ], [ 1985, -0.0361, 3, 626 ], [ 1986, -0.0232, 2, 423 ], [ 1987, -0.0205, 1, 229 ], [ 1988, -0.0219, 3, 899 ], [ 1989, -0.0243, 5, 1401 ], [ 1990, -0.0041, 3, 804 ], [ 1991, -0.0204, 3, 943 ], [ 1992, -0.0132, 4, 1333 ], [ 1993, -0.0367, 4, 5984 ], [ 1994, -0.0304, 3, 7835 ], [ 1995, -0.0376, 4, 10484 ], [ 1996, -0.0169, 4, 10533 ], [ 1997, -0.0064, 3, 7914 ], [ 1998, -0.0178, 6, 10351 ], [ 1999, -0.0283, 4, 10408 ], [ 2000, -0.0109, 4, 10314 ], [ 2001, -0.0144, 4, 9841 ], [ 2002, -0.0052, 4, 10129 ], [ 2003, 0.0322, 5, 10537 ], [ 2004, 0.0207, 5, 10612 ], [ 2005, 0.0125, 4, 10280 ], [ 2006, 0.0247, 4, 10558 ], [ 2007, 0.0153, 4, 10130 ], [ 2008, 0.02, 4, 10521 ], [ 2009, 0.027, 4, 7604 ], [ 2010, 0.0057, 4, 9314 ], [ 2011, 0.0091, 4, 9607 ], [ 2012, 0.0177, 3, 6964 ], [ 2013, -0.0022, 4, 9460 ], [ 2014, 0.005, 4, 7923 ], [ 2015, 0.0156, 4, 8908 ], [ 2016, 0.0136, 4, 9706 ], [ 2017, 0.009, 4, 9509 ], [ 2018, 0.0066, 3, 6242 ], [ 2019, 0.0264, 4, 7364 ], [ 2020, 0.0228, 3, 6999 ], [ 2021, 0.0188, 3, 6164 ], [ 2022, 0.0242, 3, 5967 ], [ 2023, 0.0046, 4, 8378 ], [ 2024, 0.0251, 4, 6492 ], [ 2025, -0.0207, 3, 4458 ], [ 2026, 0.0859, 1, 1967 ] ], "trend": { "per_decade": 0.0159, "intercept": -3.1959, "from": 1984, "to": 2021, "n_years": 37 }, "ext": { "hi": [ 2003, 0.0322 ], "lo": [ 1976, -0.1277 ] } }, { "band": "500-1000", "n_values": 41863, "n_years": 71, "series": [ [ 1950, -0.0223, 7, 137 ], [ 1951, 0.0139, 4, 58 ], [ 1952, -0.0135, 9, 121 ], [ 1953, 0.0112, 15, 157 ], [ 1954, 0.0216, 8, 76 ], [ 1955, 0.0214, 5, 74 ], [ 1956, 0.0062, 2, 42 ], [ 1957, 0.0236, 6, 91 ], [ 1958, 0.0343, 11, 149 ], [ 1959, 0.0079, 10, 282 ], [ 1960, 0.0256, 10, 186 ], [ 1961, 0.0031, 8, 119 ], [ 1962, 0.0155, 5, 94 ], [ 1963, 0.0101, 7, 114 ], [ 1964, 0.0196, 5, 102 ], [ 1965, 0.0199, 5, 118 ], [ 1966, 0.014, 5, 125 ], [ 1968, 0.0004, 1, 55 ], [ 1969, -0.0079, 8, 314 ], [ 1970, -0.0238, 1, 5 ], [ 1971, -0.1135, 1, 8 ], [ 1972, -0.0139, 7, 134 ], [ 1973, -0.0257, 1, 2 ], [ 1975, -0.0319, 4, 129 ], [ 1976, -0.0509, 1, 12 ], [ 1978, -0.0077, 5, 169 ], [ 1981, -0.0132, 5, 93 ], [ 1983, -0.0232, 8, 50 ], [ 1984, -0.0353, 9, 341 ], [ 1985, -0.0209, 3, 145 ], [ 1986, -0.0084, 2, 98 ], [ 1987, -0.0176, 1, 56 ], [ 1988, -0.01, 3, 216 ], [ 1989, -0.01, 5, 346 ], [ 1990, -0.0021, 3, 185 ], [ 1991, -0.0064, 3, 180 ], [ 1992, -0.0176, 4, 261 ], [ 1993, -0.0241, 4, 553 ], [ 1994, -0.0199, 3, 925 ], [ 1995, -0.0313, 4, 1240 ], [ 1996, -0.0148, 4, 1237 ], [ 1997, 0.0091, 3, 976 ], [ 1998, -0.0207, 6, 1184 ], [ 1999, -0.0178, 4, 1214 ], [ 2000, -0.0039, 4, 1147 ], [ 2001, -0.0032, 4, 1153 ], [ 2002, 0.0002, 4, 1162 ], [ 2003, 0.0052, 5, 1240 ], [ 2004, 0.0073, 5, 1417 ], [ 2005, -0.0013, 4, 1267 ], [ 2006, 0.0088, 4, 1297 ], [ 2007, 0.0036, 4, 1481 ], [ 2008, 0.015, 4, 1274 ], [ 2009, 0.0193, 4, 967 ], [ 2010, 0.0032, 4, 1430 ], [ 2011, 0.0081, 4, 1442 ], [ 2012, 0.0215, 3, 980 ], [ 2013, 0.0094, 4, 1526 ], [ 2014, 0.0185, 4, 1164 ], [ 2015, 0.021, 4, 1361 ], [ 2016, 0.0155, 4, 1322 ], [ 2017, 0.0179, 4, 1327 ], [ 2018, 0.0178, 3, 889 ], [ 2019, 0.0152, 4, 1102 ], [ 2020, 0.017, 3, 1009 ], [ 2021, 0.0161, 3, 778 ], [ 2022, 0.0215, 3, 636 ], [ 2023, 0.0276, 4, 915 ], [ 2024, 0.0183, 4, 691 ], [ 2025, -0.008, 3, 500 ], [ 2026, 0.0545, 1, 213 ] ], "trend": { "per_decade": 0.0123, "intercept": -2.4544, "from": 1984, "to": 2021, "n_years": 37 }, "ext": { "hi": [ 1958, 0.0343 ], "lo": [ 1984, -0.0353 ] } }, { "band": "1000-2000", "n_values": 42, "n_years": 9, "series": [ [ 1963, -0.0052, 1, 1 ], [ 1972, -0.0051, 1, 1 ], [ 1975, -0.004, 1, 1 ], [ 2004, 0.0011, 1, 5 ], [ 2007, -0.0001, 1, 10 ], [ 2008, -0.0007, 1, 2 ], [ 2010, 0.0054, 1, 8 ], [ 2011, 0.004, 1, 6 ], [ 2013, -0.0088, 1, 8 ] ], "trend": null, "ext": null } ], "deeper": [ { "band": "2000+", "n_obs": 7199 } ] } }